基于三维激光点云的采场爆破边界控制方法及现场试验研究Method and Field Experiment of Stope Blast Boundary Control Based on 3D Laser Point Cloud
任少峰,吴立波,王大龙,罗汹,陶明,李启月,刘恺,陈中琪
摘要(Abstract):
针对深部磷矿采场在复杂充填体约束条件下爆破轮廓难以精确控制、超欠挖评价手段定量性不足的问题,以贵州新桥磷矿二号井875水平采场为工程背景,构建了一套基于三维激光点云的地下采场爆破边界精细表征与控制方法。通过移动式三维激光扫描获取爆后采场高密度点云数据,建立了涵盖点云滤波预处理、配准校正、曲面重建与几何差值计算的系统化分析流程,实现了采场实际开挖轮廓与设计模型之间超欠挖空间分布、体积偏差及轮廓吻合度的定量评价。在此基础上,结合典型采场点云分析结果,对爆破能量分布与边界成形偏差进行针对性诊断,提出以分区微差起爆与孔网参数优化为核心的爆破控制方案,并在875-13#采场开展现场工业试验进行验证。结果表明:三维点云方法能够真实反映爆后采场边界形态及其偏差特征,A_1、A_2排面实际轮廓与设计轮廓吻合度均超过90%;基于点云的体积差集分析可准确量化超挖与欠挖体积,为爆破参数优化提供可靠依据;在存在钻孔偏差与不利施工条件的A_3、A_4排面中,所提出的边界控制技术仍表现出良好的稳定性与抗干扰能力。研究成果为深部矿山采场爆破精细化设计与边界智能调控提供了可量化、可追溯的技术路径,对降低采矿贫化损失和提升回采效率具有重要工程意义。
关键词(KeyWords): 三维激光点云;采场爆破;边界控制;超欠挖评价;孔网参数优化
基金项目(Foundation): 国家自然科学基金面上项目(12472409)~~
作者(Author): 任少峰,吴立波,王大龙,罗汹,陶明,李启月,刘恺,陈中琪
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