多空孔直眼掏槽爆破参数优化研究Study on Optimization of Blasting Parameters for Burn Cut with Multiple Relief Holes
王平,倪世忠,程爱平,梅林芳,黄春源
摘要(Abstract):
为解决某铁矿-450 m水平中段巷道掘进爆破中存在的炮孔布置数量偏多、循环进尺难以提升及炮孔利用率偏低等关键技术问题,提出并设计了多空孔直眼掏槽爆破优化方案,旨在通过减少炮孔数目、改善掏槽爆破效果以提升巷道掘进进尺。首先,基于岩石破碎范围理论、岩石碎胀空间效应理论以及空孔集中效应理论开展综合计算,初步确定中心掏槽孔与空孔的中心距为24.4cm。随后,运用ANSYS/LS-DYNA数值模拟软件构建多空孔掏槽爆破数值模型,通过对比分析不同孔距及空孔数量方案下的掏槽爆破过程应力云图、损伤云图与破碎范围特征,最终优化确定空孔掏槽方案参数为中心掏槽孔与空孔孔距为25 cm、空孔数量为5个。基于理论计算与数值模拟结果,设计并实施了掏槽爆破现场工业试验。试验结果表明:优化方案实施后,巷道平均循环进尺可达2.3 m,炮孔利用率提升至92%;相较于原爆破方案,循环进尺提升0.2 m,炮孔数目降低10%,炮孔利用率提升8%,巷道掘进效率得到显著提升。研究结果验证了多空孔直眼掏槽爆破优化方案的科学性与可行性,可为同类铁矿巷道掘进爆破参数优化提供理论依据与工程参考。
关键词(KeyWords): 巷道掘进;直眼掏槽爆破;数值模拟;参数优化
基金项目(Foundation): 国家自然科学基金项目(No.52474143、No.51604195);; 湖北省自然科学基金项目(No.2018CFC818)~~
作者(Author): 王平,倪世忠,程爱平,梅林芳,黄春源
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